Marine engine



Feb. 8, 1966 c. w. VAN RANsT MARINE ENGINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Ocb.28, 1964 Feb. 8, 1966 c. w. VAN RANsT 3,233,598 l MARINE ENGINE 4Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 28, 1964 4f Hs. l 5 y 3 M t /N i W \J f mnfm.c Oild .Nrw H@ v Y l O WN. /AAU Q. N

Feb. 8, 1966 c. w. VAN RANsT 3,233,598

MARINE ENGINE Filed Oct. 28, 1964 4 Sheets-Sheet I5 j; 5f 4f i i k f fC@ j; i y f@ ri 4i fm1 i \\Q 4? 4/ 43 J44/\ j l4/ 4 ai ff /f kl, J

FEE-CE.

INVENTOR.

MARINE ENGINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

Filed 0G11. 28,' 1964 MMR 4 NN NNN O N NW Nm NM Q NN o m N .QN ha KNK FNNN INVENTOR. )(472 tr/J brim/z2@ )4/ United States Patent O 3,233,598MARINE ENGINE Cornelius W. Van Ranst, 15692 Woodland Brive, Dearborn,Mich. Filed Uct. 28, 1964, Ser. No. 406,999 17 Claims. (Cl. 123-41.74)

This invention relates to marine internal-combustion engines, and moreparticularly to inboard engines which are capable of use ininboard-outboard drive systems.

Itis an object of the `present invention to provide a novel and improvedmarine engine which incorporates features of construction adding to thecompactness as well as the safety of the unit and minimizing thepossibility of explosive gasoline vapor collection.

It is another object to provide an improved marine engine of thischaracter which minimizes oil leakage in the vicinity of the crankcase.

It is a further object to provide an improved marine construction ofthis nature with features which are especially advantageous for multipleor V-bank engines.

It is also an object to provide an improved marine engine of thischaracter which eliminates the need for a separate jacketed exhaustmanifold and facilities heat exchange lbetween the exhaust and intakemanifolds while providing a relatively narrow V-type engine permittingcloser spacing of the propeller shaft in twin screw installations.

It is another object to provide an improved marine engine having thesecharacteristics which eliminates the necessity of a separate heattransfer unit for oil cooling.

It is also an object to provide an improved marine engine of thischaracter which insures sutiicient oil pressure at idle speeds toactuate an outboard drive lifting cylinder and at the same timefurnishes suiiicient water pressure to circulate cooling water at idlespeeds.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention willbecome apparent from the subsequent description, taken in conjunctionwith the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings: p

FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view in cross section of a preferredembodiment of the engine;

FIGURE 2 is a top plan view of the engine with the cover removed;

FIGURE 3 is a cross sectional View in elevation taken along the line 3-3of FIGURE 2; and

FIGURE 4 is a fragmentary cross sectional view in elevation taken alongthe line 4 4 of FIGURE 1.

Briefly, the illustrated embodiment of the invention comprises acylinder block and cylinder heads which together form a main enginehousing, there being four cylinders in the housing arranged in twooppositely inclined banks with a central compartment therebetween. Thecarburetor, fuel pump and associated connections are mounted in thiscentral compartment between the cylinder banks, with a unitary coverabove them sealed to and forming part of the housing. Drainageconnections are provided from this compartment to the ventilatedcrankcase so that gasoline vapors emitted from the components inthecompartment or any leakage from their connections will be confined tothe engine interior, leaking fuel draining into the ventilatedcrankcase. The gear box and starting mechanism are partitionedfrom theengine housing so that any sparks created during engagement of thestarting pinion and gear will not be in contact with fumes within theengine housing.

The crankcase vent connection extends to the area immediately above ahorizontally disposed llame arrester screen at the air intake. A domedcover is mounted above the flame arrester and vent outlet under whichthe intake air must pass in order toenter the intake air horn throughthe flame arrester. The eductive effect on crankcase fumes created bythis construction will result in a subatmospheric pressure in thecrankcase which minimizes oil leakage. The arrangement will also preventfumes which rise through the vent after the engine is shut off fromdropping into the bilge, and the cover will prevent water from enteringthe flame arrester.

Each exhaust manifold is integrally formed within its cylinder head andis inboard of the valves, parts of the intake manifold being formed inthe heads below the exhaust manifolds so that heat exchange may takeplace. This arrangement has the additional advantage of eliminating theneed for a separate jacketed exhaust manifold and contributes to thecompactness of the engine in a lateral direction.

The water jacket is extended to the bottom of cylinder block portion ofthe crankcase, eliminating the necessity of a separate heat transferunit for oil cooling. The oil and water pumps are constructed as asingle coaxial assembly driven by a single belt through a speed-limitingdrive. This arrangement has the advantage of insuring sufficient waterand oil pressures even at idling speeds, so that the loil pressure maybe used to actuate an outboard drive lifting cylinder, the waterpressure being utilized of course to circulate cooling water. Thiseliminates the need for a separate electric pump to create sufficientoil pressure at low engine speeds.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the engine housing isgenerally indicated at 11 and comprises a cylinder block 12, cylinderheads 13 and 14, and a crankcase 15. Cylinder block 11 has fourcylinders 16, arranged in pairs on opposite sides thereof, the cylindersextending upwardly and outwardly to form a V-type engine. A water jacket17 is formed in block 12 and surrounds cylinders 16. Block 12 has avertical portion indicated by the bracket 1S in FIGURE 3, this verticalportion supporting and extending below crankshaft bearing support webs19 and 20, as seen in FIGURE 1, and having a crankcase pan 21 suspendedtherebelow. An additional crankshaft bearing support 22 forms a part ofa rear cover 23 for the engine block, seen in FIGURE l. Crankshaft 24 isrotatably mounted in bearings carried by the bearing supports and isconnected to piston rods 25' carried by pistons 26 Within cylinders `16.Crankshaft 24 is of the two-throw type with two piston rods 25 beingconnected to each throw, as seen in FIGURE l. It will be noted thatportions 27 of the water jacket extend a substantial distance into thevertical portion 18 of engine block 12, thus aiding in cooling of thecrankcase oil. A forward cover 2S is mounted on the cylinder block, thiscover being spaced from web 19.

A cam shaft 29 is rotatably mounted above the crankshaft 24 and isconnected thereto by gears 30 and 31 mounted on the crankshaft and camshaft respectively. Wall 19 of the housing is provided with a pluralityof apertures 32, seen in FIGURE l, immediately above the portion 33 ofthe housing which supports the cam shaft bearings. These apertures serveto permit drainage of any leaking gasoline or gasoline vapors to thecrankcase, as will later be seen. inclined walls 34 extend from housingportion 33 to the upper ends of cylinder heads 13 and 14.

Inlet manifold 3S is disposed above cam shaft 29, as seen in FIGURE 3,the central portion of the manifold being disposed between cylinderheads 13 and 14 withthe manifold having branches leading to the inletvalves 36 carried by the cylinder heads. These valves are connected bylinks 37 and rocker arms 38 tothe cam shaft and are disposed toward theouter portions of the cylinder heads, being inclined downwardly andinwardly, as`

seen in FIGURE 3. Exhaust manifolds 39 are integrally formed within eachcylinder head 13 and 141. Bolts 40 are used to secure heads 13 and 14 tothe cylinder block, the exhaust manifolds being disposed inwardly ofbolts 40, inlet valves 36 and exhaust valves 41 and extending along thelength of the heads. The exhaust valves, like the intake valves, aredisposed at the outer portions of the cylinder banks and are inclineddownwardly and in- Wardly. Exhaust manifolds 39 are of rectangularcrosssectional shape, and the lower walls 42 of the exhaust manifoldsare disposed between the exhaust manifolds and the intake manifolds, sothat -heat transfer may take place from the exhaust to the intakemanifolds.

Portions 43 of the water jacket extend into the cylinder heads andpartially surround the exhaust manifolds. The exhaust manifolds lead toan exhaust manifold header 44 which is part of the rear cover 45 of thestarting gear compartment, as seen in FIGURE l. The side walls ofexhaust manifolds 39 are `substantially parallel to the axes of valves36 and 41, the pivots 46 of rocker arms 38 being disposed above theexhaust manifolds and inwardly of the valves. Exhaust passages 47 leadupwardly and inwardly from exhaust valve seats 4S to exhaust manifolds39, as seen in FIGURE 3. A top cover i9 is bolted and secured by meansof a continuous seal t? above the exhaust and intake valves and thecentral compartment 51 disposed between heads 13 and 14. Seal d@ isdisposed between the downwardly facing outer edge of cover 49 and theupwardly facing edges of cylinder heads 13 and 14 as well as rear cover23 and forward cover 28 of the engine, compartment 51 thus being formedby these components together with walls 34 of cylinder block 12. It willbe seen that the arrangement, including the positioning of the exhaustmanifolds, provides an extremely compact construction for the V-engine,especially in the lateral direction.

A carburetor 52, seen in FIGURE 1, is disposed within chamber 51 and isconnected to intake manifold 35 by an elbow 53. The carburetor is spacedabove cam shaft enclosure 33 and is supplied with gasoline by a fuelpump 54 which is also disposed in the central compartment 51 between thecylinder heads. Fuel pump S4 is located rearwardly of connection S3, anda passage 55 extends downwardly from chamber 51 past cam shaft housing'33 to the crankcase immediately below fuel pum-p 54, the Afuel pumpbeing operated by the cam shaft by means of a reciprocating rod 56. PumpS4 is mounted in space 51 by means of a bracket 57, seen in FIGURE 2,and supplies carbu-retor 52 with fuel through a fuel line 58, the yfueldelivered to the pump by a line 59 also located Within space 51. Thecarburetor is secured to connection 53 by mating flanges and bolts 60,also seen in FIGURE 2. A throttle operating linkage 61 extends past fuelpump 54 to the throttle of carburetor 52. An pair horn 62 is secured tothe forward end of carburetor 52 and extends forwardly and upwardlytherefrom, the upper end of the air horn having a llame arrester screen63, as seen in FIG- URES 1 and 3. Air horn -62 is upwardly flared andhas an `annular oil particle baille 64 formed on its outer sur face.This baille is adjacent another downwardly extending oil particle baille65 formed on cover 49. These oil particle baffles will tend to keep oilparticles drawn upwardly from the crankcase through passages 32 and 55and compartment 51 from being carried into the entering intake air.

Cover 49 is provided with a circular opening 66 around and above flamearrester 63. This opening is formed by an annular upward extension 67 ofcover 49, as seen in FIGURE 4, and an upwardly and inwardly inclinedannular lip 68. These two parts of the cover are spaced -fro'm Ibutgenerally conform with the shape of the upper portion 69 of air horn 62,so as to form an annular passage leading from compartment 51 to thespace immediately above the llame arrester. A dome-like cover 70 ismounted above opening 66, this dome having a flat central portion anddownwardly and outwardly ilared annular llange 71 terminating in aradial lip 72. The dome is supd ported on four posts 73 formed on andextending upwardly from cover 49 adjacent portions 67 and 68 thereof,the dome being secured to the posts by bolts 74.

The annular passage 75 formed by portions 67 and 68 of cover 49 on theone hand and portion `69 of air horn 62 on the other hand, is ofsuicient cross-sectional area to provide relatively low velocity for airwhich is drawn by eductive action from the crankcase through passages 32and 55 and compartment 51 to the space above the llame arrester. Theeductive action is created by the flow of air between dome 7? andportion 68 of housing cover 49 as it is drawn inwardly `from theatmosphere past the upper edge of portion 6,8 of the cover into thespace above the llame arrester and then down through the llame arresterinto the air horn. Although the velocity of the air in passage 75 is lowenough to prevent oil from being drawn out, the pressure drop created inthe crankcase chamber will be sufficient to minimize oil leakagetherefrom. The arrangement will also prevent fumes which may risethrough passage 75 after engine shutoff from dropping into the bilge,since these fumes will tend to drop through the llame arrester instead.Dome will serve the additional purpose of preventing water from enteringthe llame arrester.

A constant speed drive 'V76 is mounted on the forward end of crankshaft2d, this drive being of a known type which has means for controlling orlimiting the output speed. Drive 76 carries a pulley 77 which isconnected to a pulley 78 on a shaft 79; by a belt 81. Shaft 79 ismounted below and parallel to crankshaft 2,4 and drives a water pump 82and an oil pump 83. These pumps are mounted on opposite sides of thepulley 7 S, the oil pump being on the side toward the crankcase andbeing connected thereto by a line 84,. The relative sizes of pulleys 77and 78 are such that they have a 11:2 speed ratio, that is, pulley 78will rotate twice as fast as pulley 77. vThe construction is su-ch thatat relatively low -or idle speeds of the engine, both the water and oilpumps will be driven with sutlicient speed to provide circulatingcooling water and suilicient oil pressure to operate an outboard drivelifting cylinder (not shown). i

In operation, air will be drawn into the space between dome 70 andportions 67 and 68 of cover 49 and down through ilarne arrester 63 tocarburetor 52 where it will be mixed with fuel particles, the fuel-.airmixtnre passing through elbow 53 to intake manifold 35. The exhaustgases will pass through exhaust gas manifolds 39 to exhaust outlet 44.Lubricating oil will be pumped from the crankcase through oil pump 83and oil passages such as those indicated at S5, 96 and S7 in FIGURES 1 2and 4, to the various engine bearings.

During operation, heat .from the exhaust manifolds 39 will flow throughseparating wall 42 between the exhaust and intake manifolds, therebyheating the entering fuel,- air mixture. Any gasoline or gasoline vaporsleaking from fuel pump 54, carburetor 52, elbow 53, intake manifold 35,or the adjacent parts and connections disposed within compartment 51will drop to the bottom of this compartment and will be drained downthrough passages 32 and 55 to the crankcase. It should be noted that thestarting gearing 88 is separated from compartment 51 by rear cover 23 sothat there will be no danger of sparks created during engagement of thestarting pinion and gear Y from contacting fumes within the enginehousing. It might be mentioned that a spark coil 89 and distributor 91are also mounted outside the engine h-ousing on the forward portion ofthe engine, as seen in FIGURE l, the distributor being coaxial with thecam shaft and keyed thereto, while the spark coil is mounted above thedistributor. A generator 92, seen in FIGURE 2, is mounted on one side ofthe engine outside the engine housing and is connected to the crankshaftby a belt 93. A n

Pressure in the crankcase will be reduced by the educ tive action ofintake air flowing past lip 63 of cover 49, thus drawing air fromcompartment 51 through passage 75 and into the flame arrester,compartment 51 being connected to crankcase 20. When the engine isstopped any fumes rising from crankcase 20 or compartment 51 will passthrough passage 75, being led inwardly to the space above the flamearrester 63, so that these fumes will drop to the flame arrester ratherthan outwardly into the bilge within which the marine engine is mounted.

While it will be apparent that the preferred embodiment of the inventiondisclosed is well calculated to fullill the objects above stated, itwill be appreciated that the invention is susceptible to modification,variation and change without departing from the proper scope or fairmeaning of the subjoined claims.

What is claimed is:

1. An internal-combustion engine comprising a cylinder block, first andsecond banks of cylinders in said block, said banks being upwardly andoutwardly inclined, a pair of cylinder heads secured to said block, acover extending across and sealed to said cylinder heads and cylinderblock, whereby a compartment is formed between said cylinder heads bythe cylinder heads, cylinder block and cover, a crankcase at the lowerportion of said cylinder block, drain passage means leading from saidcompartment to said crankcase, an intake manifold for said engine havingan entrance portion in said compartment, a carburetor in saidcompartment and connected to the entrance of said intake manifold, and afuel pump in said compartment and yconnected to said carburetor. 2. Aninternal-combustion engine comprising a cylinder block, first and secondbanks of cylinders in said block, said banks being upwardly andoutwardly inclined, a pair of cylinder heads secured to said block, acover extending across and sealed to said cylinder heads and cylinderblocks, whereby a compartment is formed between said cylinder heads bythe cylinder heads, cylinder block and cover, a crankcase at the lowerportion of said cylinder block, drain passage means leading from saidcompartment to said crankcase, and intake manifold for said enginehaving an upwardly facing entrance in said compartment, a carburetor insaid compartment, an elbow connecting the exit of said carburetor andthe entrance of said intake manifold, and a fuel pump in saidcompartment and connected to said carburetor, said elbow being disposedbetween said fuel pump and said carburetor.

3. An internal-combustion engine comprising a cylinder block, firstandsecond banks of cylinders in said block, said banks being upwardly andoutwardly inclined, a pair of cylinder heads secured to said block, a'cover extending across and sealed to said cylinder heads and cylinderblock, whereby a compartment is formed between said ycylinder heads bythe cylinder heads, cylinder block and cover, a crankcase at the lowerportion of said cylinder block, drain passage means leading from saidcompartment to said crankcase, an intake manifold for said engine havingan entrance portion in said compartment, a carburetor in saidcompartment and connected to the entrance of said intake manifold, anair horn connected to the entrance of said carburetor and having anupwardly open entrance, a flame arrester mounted in said air hornentrance, said engine cover having an annular opening surrounding saidair horn entrance with portions spaced from the air horn entrance toform an annular space therebetween connected to said compartment, and adome mounted above said flame arrester and having a downwardly extendingflange spaced from said annular portion of the engine cover, whereby airflowing into said flame arrester will have an eductive effect withrespect to said compartment.

4. An internal-combustion engine comprising a cylinder block, rst andsecond banks of cylinders in said block, said banks being upwardly andoutwardly inclined, a pair of cylinder heads secured to said block, acover extending across and sealed to said cylinder heads and cylinderblock, whereby a compartment is formed between said cylinder heads bythe cylinder heads, cylinder block and cover, a crankcase at the lowerportion of said cylinder block, drain passage means leading from saidcompartment to said crank-case, a cam shaft enclosure formed in saidcylinder block above said crankcase, said drain passage means comprisingpassages located adjacent the forward and rear ends of said cam shaftenclosure, an intake manifold for said engine having an entrance portionin said compartment, a carburetor in said compartment and connected tothe entrance of said intake manifold, and a fuel pump in saidcompartment and connected to said carburetor.

5. An internal-combustion engine comprising a cylinder block, first andsecond banks of cylinders in said block, said banks being upwardly andoutwardly inclined, a pair of cylinder heads secured to said block, acover extending across and sealed to said cylinder heads and cylinderblock, whereby a compartment is formed between said cylinder heads bythe cylinder heads, cylinder block and cover, a crankcase at the lowerportion of said cylinder block, drain passage means leading from saidcompartment to said crankcase, an intake manifold for said engine havingan entrance portion in said compartment, lateral passages in said intakemanifold leading to intake ports within said cylinder heads, intake andexhaust valves mounted in said cylinder heads adjacent the outerportions thereof, exhaust manifolds formed integrally with and extendingalong said cylinder heads inwardly of said valves, a heat transmittingwall separating said exhaust manifolds and said intake manifold passagesleading to the intake valves, a carburetor in said compartment andconnected to the entrance of said intake manifold, and a fuel pump insaid compartment and connected to said carburetor.

6. The combination according to claim 5, further provided with boltsextending through said cylinder heads outwardly of said exhaustmanifolds and securing the cylinder heads to the cylinder block, rockerarms pivotally mounted above said exhaust manifolds and. engageable withsaid valves, a cam shaft rotatably mounted below said enginecompartment, and links connecting said cam shaft with said rocker arms,said links being disposed in said engine compartment.

"l. An internal-combustion engine comprising a cylinder block, first andsecond banks of cylinders in said block, said banks being upwardly andoutwardly inclined, a water jacket `formed in said cylinder block, thecylinder block having a downwardly extending vertical section below saidcylinder banks, a crankcase pan. secured to the bottom of said cylinderblock, said water jacket extending downwardly through the major portionof the vertically extending section of the cylinder block, a pair ofcylinder heads secured to said block, a cover extending across andsealed to said cylinder heads and cylinder block, whereby a compartmentis formed between said cylinder heads by the cylinder heads, cylinderblock and cover, a crankcase at the lower portion of said cylinderblock, drain passage means leading from said compartment to saidcrankcase, an intake manifold for said engine having an entrance portionin said compartment, a carburetor in said compartment and connected tothe entrance of said intake manifold, and a fuel pump in saidcompartment and connected to said carburetor.

8. In an internal-combustion engine, a crankcase, a carburetor, an airhorn for said carburetor for having an upwardly open entrance, an enginehousing having an annular portion surrounding said air horn entrance andforming an annular passage therewith, a dome mounted above and spacedfrom said air horn entrance, said dome having a downwardly extendingflange whereby air drawn under said dome for entrance into said air hornwill create an eductive effect on said annular passage, andmeansconnecting said annul-ar passage with said crankcase, whereby saideductive effect will reduce the pressure irl said crankcase.

9. The combination according to claim 8, further provided with an oilparticle baffle formed on said air horn and extending outwardlytherefrom, and a second oil particle baille formed on the portion of theengine housing interior adjacent said first baffle.

MB. in a V-type internal-combustion engine, a cylinder block having twobanks of cylinders and a crankcase, a pair of cylinder heads mounted onsaid cylinder block, cover means forming an enclosed compartment betweensaid cylinder heads, passages connecting the lower portion of saidcompartment and said crankcase, an air intake passage having an upwardlyopen entrance, a wall surrounding said entrance and forming an annularpassage therewith, and a dome mounted above said entrance and forming apassage with said wall for intake air flowing to said entrance, therelative positions of said passages being such that said entering airwill create an eductive effect with respect to said annular passagethereby lowering the pressure in said compartment and said crankcase.

11. A V-type internal-combustion engine, a cylinder block having a pairof upwardly and outwardly inclined cylinder banks, a crankcase formed inthe lower portion of said block, a pair of cylinder heads mounted onsaid block and extending upwardly therefrom, cover means mounted on saidcylinder heads and serving to form an enclosed compartment therebetween,a carburetor mounted within said compartment, an L-shaped air hornconnected to the entrance of said carburetor and having an upwardlyfacing entrance with a flame arrester, an upwardly extending annularwall formed in said cover means to define an opening therein andsurrounding said air horn entrance in spaced relation therewith so as toform an annular passage, the upper portion of said passage .beinginclined upwardly and inwardly, a dome mounted in spaced relation abovesaid flame arrester and secured to said cover, said dome having adownwardly and outwardly extending flange in spaced relation with theupwardly extending wall of said cover, and connecting means between saidengine compartment and said crankcase, whereby the eductive effectcreated on said annular passage by air passing under said dome and intosaid flame arrester will lower the pressure in said compartment and saidcrankcase, the shape of the upper lip of said annular engine cover wallbeing such that fumes rising through from said compartment through saidannular passage will be directed to the space immediately above saidflame arrester,

l2. The combination according to claim 11, further provided with anoutwardly extending oil particle batlie on said air horn below saidannular passage.

i3. In a V-type internal-combustion engine, a cylinder block having apair of upwardly and outwardly inclined cylinder banks, cylinder headsmounted on the upper portions of said cylinder banks, an intake manifoldformed in the upper portion of said engine block and havin-g laterallyextending portions connected with intake passages in said cylinderheads, intake and exhaust valves slidably mounted in the outer portionsof said cylinder heads, and exhaust manifolds extending along saidcylinder heads and integrally formed therewith, said exhaust manifoldsbeing disposed inwardly of said valves.

14. The combination according to claim 13, said exhaust manifolds havinglower walls, said walls also being exposed to said intake manifoldpassages, whereby heat may be transferred from the exhaust manifolds tothe intake passages.

15. The combination according to claim 13, said exhaust manifolds beingof generally rectangular crosssectional shape with their side wallssubstantially parallel to the axes of said valves.

i6. in a V-type internal-combustion engine, a cylinder block having apair of upwardly and outwardly inclined cylinder banks, cylinder headsmounted on the upper portions of said cylinder banks, an intake manifoldformed in the upper portion of said engine block and having laterallyextending portions connected with intake passages in said cylinderheads, intake and exhaust valves slidably mounted in the outer portionsof said cylinder heads, exhaust manifolds extending along said cylinderheads and integrally formed therewith, said exhaust manifolds beingdisposed inwardly of said valves, the axes of said valves being inclineddownwardly and inwardly, rocker arms pivotally mounted above saidexhaust manifolds, and water jacket means in said cylinder headspartially surrounding said exhaust manifolds.

17. In a V-type internal-combustion engine, a cylinder block having apair of upwardly and outwardly inclined cylinder banks, cylinder headsmounted on the upper portions of said cylinder banks, an intakemanifold: formed in the upper portion of said engine block and havinglaterally extending portions connected with intake passages in saidcylinder heads, intake and exhaust valves slidably mounted in the outerportions of said cylinder heads, and exhaust manifolds extending alongsaid cylinder heads and integrally formed therewith, said exhaustmanifolds being disposed inwardly of said valves and leading to a commonexhaust dischar-ge conduit at one end of said engine.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,796,853 6/1957Van Ranst 123-55 2,891,527 6/1959 Dolza 123-55 FOREIGN PATENTS 151,2099/ 1920 Great Britain.

KARL J. ALBRECHT, Primary Examiner.

16. IN A V-TYPE INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE, A CYLINDER BLOCK HAVING APAIR OF UPWARDLY AND OUTWARDLY INCLINED CYLINDER BANKS, CYLINDER HEADSMOUNTED ON THE UPPER PORTIONS OF SAID CYLINDER BANKS, AN INTAKE MANIFOLDFORMED IN THE UPPER PORTION OF SAID ENGINE BLOCK AND HAVING LATERALLYEXTENDING PORTIONS CONNECTED WITH INTAKE PASSAGES IN SAID CYLINDERHEADS, INTAKE AND EXHAUST VALVES SLIDABLY MOUNTED IN THE OUTER PORTIONSOF SAID CYLINDER HEADS, EXHAUST MANIFOLDS EXTENDING ALONG SAID CYLINDERHEADS AND INTEGRALLY FORMED THEREWITH, SAID EXHAUST MANIFOLDS BEINGDISPOSED INWARDLY OF SAID VALVES, THE AXES OF SAID VALVES BEING INCLINEDDOWNWARDLY AND INWARDLY, ROCKER ARMS PIVOTALLY MOUNTED ABOVE SAIDEXHAUST MANIFOLDS, AND WATER JACKET MEANS IN SAID CYLINDER HEADSPARTIALLY SURROUNDING SAID EXHAUST MANIFOLDS.